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Scotland · 2024

2024 Scotland - Glasgow

Red sandstone tenements ring a quiet corner with shops.
A black iron railway bridge spans a street beneath grey clouds. Buff sandstone is broken by tall windows with white curtains. An elaborate carved window frame holds delicate lace curtains. A small winged cherub figure stands on a mossy stone ledge. A tall pink clock tower with a dark ornate spire rises above an empty street intersection. A grimy close between brick walls, cluttered with a wheelie bin and rubbish sacks. A red-fronted pub shows a Scottish saltire flag behind its window. A blue steel lattice railway bridge, tagged with graffiti, crosses the street. A weathered stone relief of a seated, hooded figure is set into a classical wall. Looking up at a dark stone clock tower with a blue face and gold numerals. A wide street lined with sandstone tenements and shops, blue flags at the railings. A street of tenements leads to a classical stone church with a tall clock tower. A crumbling red-sandstone castle tower rises behind a footbridge spanning a leafy street. A bright red danger sign warns of used syringes near a fenced, overgrown lot. An ornate green arched bridge spans a calm river with swans and a tall spire behind. A grand red-sandstone Glasgow building is dressed with a floral festival banner. A black-and-white stencil mural of a woman's face adorns a graffiti-tagged wall. A long sandstone tenement street of small shops is framed by a brick railway bridge. A bright red corner pet shop display sits behind a bicycle locked to the racks. A sandstone corner building holds a closed storefront beneath a steel footbridge. A vibrant mural of a woman in a feathered headdress brightens a stone city street. Carved floral scrollwork surrounds a circular stained-glass window in a sandstone facade. A historic red sandstone corner building with a green-domed turret stands before modern towers. A curved row of red sandstone tenements with shopfronts lines a quiet city street. A huge greyscale painting of a boat and a church spire covers a modern building's wall. A shopfront advertising kilt hire displays tartan outfits in its windows. Cars queue at traffic lights in front of a red sandstone corner building with a green dome. A majestic pale-stone building with many windows looms behind a red sandstone street corner. A bright blue British police telephone box now serving as a roadside cafe with chalkboard menus. A grand gothic cathedral facade of dark stone with pointed arches and a rose window, with people and bicycles on the plaza. An overgrown hilltop graveyard crowned by a tall stone column statue against a grey sky. A wild, overgrown historic graveyard scattered with stone mausoleums, obelisks and weathered monuments. A weathered stone relief of a winged skull with a crown and crossed bones sits between two carved columns. The long side elevation of a gothic cathedral shows a green copper roof and weathered stone buttresses. A weathered gothic stone doorway with a pointed arch and worn steps stands beside a sunny green lawn. The nave of a gothic cathedral shows a row of tall lancet windows and a central arched entrance over green grass. A weathered stone memorial carved with columns and urns, green with moss amid ivy. A decorative black iron street lamp with curling finials against a cloudy sky. A weathered gothic window with carved stone tracery and pale glass. A commanding historic stone facade crowned by a domed pavilion. A soaring cathedral nave with clustered columns and a tall organ above the entrance. Three arched stained glass windows glowing with crests and emblems in the dark. A brightly coloured contemporary stained glass window framed by dark stone pillars. A long cathedral aisle lined with massive columns and visitors on its stone floor. A tall triple-lancet stained glass window glows blue and green within heavy gothic stonework. Clustered stone pillars rise toward a geometric rose window above five glowing lancet panels. A long nave of clustered columns and pointed arches stretches toward a bright stained glass window. Dark wooden pews point toward a high altar beneath tall slender stained glass lancets. A golden cross gleams on an ornate wooden altar framed by twin stained glass windows. A hushed side aisle of clustered piers and ribbed vaulting holds a small heraldic stained glass window. A pipe organ hangs from a wooden gallery next to a tall stained glass window of heraldic shields. A shadowed gothic corner, bright daylight through an arched lattice window, a blurred figure passing. A vaulted stone crypt glows warmly around an altar draped in a colourful patchwork quilt. A dark stone hall holds a long wooden table and the Royal British Legion Scotland banner. Low ribbed vaults glow amber over a wooden lectern and red rope barriers. Repeating gothic arches draw the eye down a stone corridor toward an information stand. A short stone staircase climbs past an exit sign into a sunlit archway. Massive clustered columns rise toward a dark timber roof and a bright stained glass window. Rich stained glass glows behind an ornate stone balustrade carved with quatrefoils. Visitors stroll the wide nave beneath soaring arches and a glowing rose window. Clustered stone piers rise past radiant lancet windows toward a high vaulted ceiling. Uniformed marchers carry flag standards down a broad road past sandstone buildings. An old sandstone house with boarded windows and tall chimneys stands in a quiet cobbled lane. A stately sandstone facade crowned by two domed turrets rises above a lower dormered wing. A seated statue, a domed mausoleum and a tall obelisk stand among weathered tombs on grass. A Gothic cathedral with pale-green copper roofs and a scaffold-wrapped spire rises among trees. An elaborate domed monument carved with angels, drapery and engraved names towers over the cemetery. A tall carved memorial dedicated to John Henry Alexander is ringed by obelisks and columns. A weathered red-sandstone mausoleum crowned by an octagonal lantern stands in a quiet, overgrown burial ground. A grand tiered fountain with sculpted figures sprays water into a circular pool ringed by iron railings. An opulent stone facade rises with domed corner turrets, arched windows and carved sculptures beneath a blue sky. A weathered bronze figure in classical robes raises a branch, with the word Italia carved along the parapet. A carved sandstone figure crouches with hands to its face beside green-mossed cherubs on an ornate ledge. A mossy stone tower with classical columns and arched openings carries small cherub figures along its balustrade. A bold pink grid facade towers over the street, the word Glasgow spelled out across its upper panels. A cream Victorian facade of arched windows carries gold lettering for cabinet makers and upholsterers. The ornate red sandstone front of Glasgow Central Station rises above a busy street. A large wall painting shows a kneeling man gripping a wind-turbine blade. A red sandstone tenement street lined with shops, outdoor seating, and parked cars. Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum's red sandstone front with triple-arched portico and Saltire flags. A weathered seated female statue perches on a stone pedestal above slate rooftops. A grand sandstone terrace building stands behind a large leafy tree and parked vehicles. A row of cream-painted Victorian terraced houses curves past a tree-lined street of parked cars. The red sandstone Charing Cross Mansions tower with its clock and spire rises above Burger King and Driftwood shops. Carved red sandstone mansion facade with a large clock and classical statues. Travelers cross a vast marble concourse beneath a steel and glass arched roof. A low, rounded glass conservatory sits on a lawn beneath an overcast sky. A Victorian glass pavilion with a domed roof beside a tall brick church spire. Pitcher plants rise from mossy banks around a still pond. Tree ferns frame a cast-iron column rising toward a glass dome roof. Detailed cast-iron filigree supports the glass panels of a conservatory roof. A quiet paved path winds beneath tall tree ferns inside a glass conservatory. A pensive marble figure rests her chin on her hand before a glazed wall. A pale stone figure reclines on a carved pedestal ringed with ferns. A sunken palm bed anchors the arched glass hall filled with strollers. The long glasshouse stretches across the lawns beneath a dramatic sky. A glazed glasshouse wing rises behind a row of benches in a leafy park. A slender white finial and cresting rise from the glazed dome. A small glass cupola carries a finely wrought white finial. Palms, ferns, and moss pack the raised beds inside the plant house. Sunlit logs blanketed in green moss lie across a leafy planting bed. Dark iron glazing bars frame a glass roof against blue sky and clouds. Pink and yellow flowers line a bench inside a glass-roofed greenhouse. Columnar cacti and aloes crowd the beds of a desert greenhouse. A pale star-shaped succulent with curled leaves sits on loose pebbles. Two pale, bulbous succulents with thin sprigs erupt from a pebble bed. Hundreds of tiny green succulent rosettes fill the entire frame as a living carpet. A red spiral staircase winds past tall columns among lush palms. A brick walkway winds through a bright conservatory filled with cacti and succulents. A black sculpted sundial stands in front of a lawn scattered with picnickers. Victorian glasshouses rise behind a manicured lawn and a spiky monkey puzzle tree. A stately sandstone tenement block with tall sash windows and a cluster of chimneys. Two pubs sit side by side at a street corner with patrons at pavement tables. A row of white porcelain urinals beneath decorative tiled walls in a historic washroom. A warm pub interior with blue columns, pendant flags and an ornate ceiling over the bar. Metal stairs lead down from a footbridge toward a calm river between leafy banks. An ornate green iron footbridge spans a graffiti-covered wall beside weathered sandstone tenements. A red sandstone Gothic church with a tall pointed spire stands on a street corner. A run-down row of sandstone terraces behind black iron railings, windows boarded and walls tagged with graffiti. A grand stone tenement facade with columns and tall sash windows rises above parked cars. Ornate red sandstone buildings with turrets and a pedestrian footbridge overlook a city intersection. Pedestrians stroll a bustling retail street beneath a pink banner reading People Make Glasgow. A grand Art Deco hotel facade in cream and orange-red with curved balconies and Beresford lettering. A red sandstone corner building with a Brierley sign sits above ground-floor shops and a road with cycle lanes. A long Victorian arcade with a vaulted glass ceiling and wooden boardwalk lined with potted trees. A bustling railway concourse with large departure boards, ticket barriers and parked trains. A crowded heritage railway platform beside a waiting train under ornate iron columns. A grand circular glass dome crowns this Victorian interior above a shop entrance. A pale sandstone wall with a roofline bristling with rows of curved black metal spikes. A lively historic street lined with stone buildings and colourful bunting overhead. A narrow cobbled alley squeezed between tall stone walls and a bright teal shopfront. A grand gothic church with a tall square tower overlooks a busy street full of pedestrians. A dark gothic cathedral tower with an ornate crown spire silhouetted against a clear blue sky. A red double-decker bus passes a historic stone church on a busy, people-filled old town street. A grand gothic cathedral with a crown spire stands over a busy square with a statue and pedestrians. A white round observation tower with a black dome rises above a street packed with pedestrians and stone buildings. City rooftops and red brick chimneys spread out beneath rolling green hills and a cloudy sky. A wide view over historic stone rooftops and chimneys toward low hills and a cloudy blue sky. A broad flight of stone steps rises between weathered walls toward a white-fronted house at the top. A tall facade of pink and grey rubble stone rises against a clear blue sky, dotted with white windows. Stone fortress walls curving above a dark rocky outcrop under a bright blue sky. Rooftops and chimney stacks of old tenement buildings with green trees rising below. Castle masonry rising from jagged dark rock against a clear blue sky. Ornate sandstone terrace with domed turrets and bay windows as cars line the road. The tall barracks of Edinburgh Castle rising above trees with cars parked in the lot below. The castle complex crowning a green hillside with towers and walls on top. Rows of weathered stone monuments standing among grass and overhanging trees. A dense line of grand carved monuments with inscriptions backed by green foliage. A tall sandstone church tower with an arched belfry and domed cupola rises against a bright blue sky. A turquoise and gold fountain with bronze figures sits amid green trees and purple flower beds. Green-bronze figures seated on a turquoise fountain spill streams of water. A solitary bronze figure atop the fountain balances on a golden orb. Two bronze figures frame a stream of water beside gilded gold leaves. A turquoise and gold fountain stands in a park with a gothic spire beyond. A stone castle sits on a rocky crag above a treed hillside. A green-roofed bandstand stage sits in a park below the castle-crowned crag. Edinburgh Castle stands atop a sheer rocky crag beneath a cloudy sky. Ornate gothic spires rise above the trees in Edinburgh's old town. A long stone palace block sits high on the craggy Castle Rock. The full silhouette of Edinburgh Castle crowns the rugged crag. Edinburgh Castle's ramparts rise above a dense canopy of green trees. A grey pigeon stands surrounded by green and purple succulent rosettes. Green and pink succulents in neat rosettes grow from dark soil. A formal flower bed forms a triangle pattern of succulents and red blooms. A circular flowerbed laid out as a clock face, its border spelled with the phrase 'Two hundred years and counting.' A close-up of a flowerbed where red and green plants are planted to form large letters. A close-up of a flowerbed filled with rosette-shaped succulents set among yellow-green and purple foliage. A circular flowerbed laid out as a clock with a plant-lettered border reading 'Two hundred years and counting.' A city street of shops and parked cars leading to a grand neoclassical building with a columned portico. A close-up of an ornamental black cast-iron base with claw feet and scrolling foliage on a stone block. Two classic red telephone boxes with 'TELEPHONE' panels and gold crowns. A busy city square criss-crossed with tram lines, black 'Waverley' banners and historic buildings under a cloudy sky. A grand stone building with dark windows and a wrought iron balustrade is covered in perched pigeons. A stately turreted stone hotel towers over a city intersection full of crossers and traffic. A dark stone observation tower rises from treetops beside a ruined classical colonnade. Rows of old stone tenements with dormer windows stack up a hillside. An ornate gothic spire rises above grand carved stone palaces and rooftops. A long historic tenement facade with regular sash windows stands beneath slate roofs. A worn metal post is plastered with faded stickers, one reading a playful line. Winding paths cross a green hillside below a dark rocky escarpment. A steep, grassy hillside towers over old stone rooftops. A sweeping city view of old towers and spires. Two small people stand on the edge of a sheer dark crag. Bright red poppies bloom in sharp focus before a city skyline. Old stone towers and ornate spires crowd the city view. A sprawling city glows beneath a dramatic, stormy sky. A stone clock tower rises above ornate old buildings. A great fortress sits on a rocky hilltop above the city. A row of grand stone columns crowns a green hilltop under a moody sky. A sweeping view over dense rooftops to the sea and an island. A curving contemporary building rises near a dark stone column. Elegant stone terraces fan out toward the firth. A dense cityscape with a church tower reaching to the sea. Harbour cranes and an island rise above the blue firth. City spires and rooftops fall away toward the water. Rows of stone homes and leafy trees lead to a distant island. Rows of stone chimneys rise above slate tenement rooftops in Edinburgh. A sweeping stone terrace front bows above a wooded green valley. A battlemented stone tower rises above grass and rocky outcrops. Bright flowers bloom before a stone crow-stepped gable and tall chimney. Edinburgh Castle broods on its crag above a skyline of clocktowers and spires. Spired gothic church towers rise above a busy old-town street. Edinburgh Castle and a dark spire stand over rooftops ringed by green hills. An ornate clock tower and Edinburgh Castle rise among domes and spires. Panoramic view of Edinburgh Castle commanding the city skyline. A classical rotunda monument crowns the hill above the city. A stone baronial house with a crow-stepped gable amid flowering shrubs. Ancient-style columns and a small monument crown a broad green hill. A tall round tower rises beside a row of ancient-style columns. A busy city street packed with buses, cars and pedestrians. An orange sightseeing bus turns through a busy city junction. Bright stained-glass panels glow against a dim stone wall. A weathered stone city building topped with an ornate pediment and a dark conical roof. An ornate stone building facade with the gold sign 'The Scotsman' above the Grand Cafe entrance. A lively street scene on the Royal Mile with shopfronts, a pharmacy, and two red telephone boxes. Rows of empty seats on the top deck of an open-top tour bus passing stone tenements. A black ornate clock with a gilded face is mounted on a stone building against a blue sky. A turreted stone building with gilded finials stands behind ornate wrought iron gates beside a gothic hall. A row of cylindrical chimney pots lines the top of a stone tenement under a blue sky. A close-up of a grey stone facade with sash windows, diagonal downpipes, and a carved balustrade. A pile of gravel and rubble lies in front of a row of historic stone tenement buildings. A handsome red sandstone house with dormers and a bay window sits under a clear blue sky. A gabled red sandstone building rises behind vivid yellow and pink flowers. A row of stone terraced houses with dormers and chimney stacks rises behind green trees. Ornate stone chimney stacks rise above bay windows and rooflines. A sandstone house with dormer windows and a bay window is topped by a slate roof. A white lighthouse stands at the end of a pier overlooking a tidal harbour. A busy city street with a tall clock-tower spire is framed by a bus window. Historic sandstone buildings line a busy street beside a canal-side walkway. Cream tour boats rest on calm blue water beneath apartment blocks and old warehouses. A carved baronial clock turret rises with a white clock face and pointed roof. Dark Victorian buildings crowd a narrow street lined with parked cars. A stately red stone facade features a clock tower, turrets and tall windows. A cylindrical stone tower rises over a shop front on a cobbled street. A formal sandstone facade has a carved pediment and a columned entrance with lamp. A riveted blue bowstring bridge spans the water as a walker leads a dog. A blue riveted steel bridge frames a wooden boardwalk underneath. An old brick dock building with a clock tower overlooks the harbour. A tall stone building crowned with a clock turret rises against a blue sky. Suburban terraced houses with bay windows line a quiet street. A long facade of old stone flats rises above leafy trees. Rooftops lined with clay chimney pots stretch toward the sky. An old stone building on a street corner is framed by gothic spires. Historic statues stand in gothic niches, protected by wire netting. A robed classical statue stands upon an ornate sandstone parapet. A round stone turret capped by a conical slate roof rises into a clear sky. Two carved sandstone figures rest inside an ornate Gothic arched niche. A Gothic sandstone facade rises with pinnacles and an open lantern tower. White-painted bay windows and a chimney with many pots sit on a stone roofline. An ornate heritage stone building stands beside a tall glass facade in a city plaza. A stone church with a tall square tower stands surrounded by lush green trees. A slender Gothic spire with arched openings rises into a blue sky.
Journal Notes

General

Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland and one of the principal urban centres of the United Kingdom, lying in the west-central Lowlands on the River Clyde some 25 kilometres inland from the Firth of Clyde. The city forms the core of a wider metropolitan region on the Clyde that has historically functioned as an industrial, commercial and transport hub for the west of Scotland. Glasgow is characterised by a dense urban fabric of sandstone tenements, by extensive former industrial and dockland areas, and by large parks and green spaces set within the city, and its buildings are mostly of red and buff sandstone, giving the streets their characteristic warm appearance.

Glasgow is the third most populous city in the United Kingdom, with a population of about 635,000 in the city and a larger figure for the wider council area and conurbation, and it serves as the commercial, cultural and educational centre of western Scotland. Today it plays a major role in the Scottish economy through its universities, its creative and service industries, its retail and its events, while the city has undergone a long transformation from its industrial past toward a service- and culture-oriented economy. The legacy of the docks, the shipyards and the heavy engineering works along the river has been remade as waterfront, museums and public space.

The city’s identity is closely tied to its industrial and mercantile history, to its shipbuilding and its engineering, and to the Victorian and Edwardian confidence of its civic buildings and its terracotta and sandstone architecture. Glasgow has a strong cultural life, with a large number of museums and galleries, a tradition of music and architecture, and a celebrated reputation for hospitality and for the warmth of its people, and it has been recast in recent decades as one of the leading cities of the United Kingdom for culture and tourism.

History

The origins of Glasgow date back to early medieval times, when the area developed as a religious settlement associated with St Mungo, also known as Kentigern, who is credited with founding a church on the site in the sixth century. The settlement of Glasgow Green and the cathedral grew around the saint’s shrine, and Glasgow was granted burgh status in the twelfth century, marking its emergence as an important regional town at the crossing of the Clyde. The establishment of the bishopric and the opportunity of the river and the sea routes supported its growth as a market and ecclesiastical centre.

From the eighteenth century onward Glasgow experienced rapid expansion driven by transatlantic trade, particularly in tobacco, sugar and textiles, and the city became one of the great tobacco lords’ ports of the empire. During the Industrial Revolution the city grew into one of the world’s leading industrial centres, renowned for shipbuilding, heavy engineering, coal processing and manufacturing, and the River Clyde was transformed into a major shipbuilding corridor, earning Glasgow the title of the Second City of the British Empire. The population multiplied, and the city spread across its hills and valleys, its wealth expressed in the sandstone tenements, the banks, the warehouses and the civic buildings of the Victorian era.

The twentieth century brought industrial decline, population loss and serious social and economic challenges as the traditional heavy industries and the shipyards contracted and closed. From the late twentieth century onward Glasgow undertook extensive urban regeneration, investment in cultural institutions and the redevelopment of the former industrial and dockland areas, notably along the river and in the city centre. These changes repositioned the city as a centre for higher education, the creative industries, tourism and events, while elements of its industrial heritage, its shipbuilding and its engineering, were preserved in its museums and in the memory of its communities, and the Glasgow Renaissance continued into the twenty-first century.

Geology

Glasgow lies within the Midland Valley of Scotland, a broad lowland basin formed by tectonic activity during the Paleozoic era, lying between the Highlands and the Southern Uplands. The underlying geology consists mainly of sedimentary rocks of Carboniferous age, including sandstones, shales, limestones and coal measures. These formations were critical to Glasgow’s industrial development, providing the local sources of coal and the building stone that supplied the city, while the Carboniferous strata also contain the abundant sea, plant and fish fossils of the coal-bearing sequence.

Volcanic activity during the Carboniferous period also left its imprint on the region, with basaltic intrusions and lava flows present in parts of the wider Clyde basin, including the distinctive igneous crags that rise within the city and in the surrounding country. During the last Ice Age extensive glaciation reshaped the landscape, depositing thick layers of glacial till and carving broad valleys, and the River Clyde occupies a glacially modified valley. Post-glacial sea-level changes influenced the development of the estuarine environments downstream toward the Firth of Clyde, where the river broadens and the tide-set mudflats and the raised beaches of the lower Clyde appear.

These geological processes produced relatively flat, low-lying terrain, well suited to the large-scale urban and industrial development of the city, and they also shaped the drainage, the soil characteristics and the construction conditions across the wider metropolitan area. The softer Carboniferous strata and the made ground of the centre have influenced the foundations of the city, and the glacial till and the river alluvium of the Clyde valley have dictated the engineering works of the port and the waterfront. The building stone of the city itself, quarried from the surrounding Carboniferous sandstones, gives Glasgow the uniformity of its sandstone architecture and the warm red and pale tones of its streets. The coal-bearing measures, worked in the surrounding coalfield, and the ironstone and the limestone of the Carboniferous sequence sustained the heavy industry and the manufacturing that made the city, and the legacy of abandoned workings and of the reclaimed land still shapes the ground beneath the modern district of the east end and the river.

Things to See

The Glasgow Cathedral, the medieval cathedral of St Mungo, is the finest surviving medieval church of the city, its largely thirteenth-century nave and crypt set beside the ravine of the Molendinar burn. The cathedral, one of the few great medieval Scottish churches to have survived the Reformation, sits beside the Glasgow Necropolis, a hilltop Victorian cemetery that rises above the city with its monuments, obelisks and classical mausolea, and that offers elevated views over the town and the tomb of John Knox at its summit. The contrast between the dark stone of the cathedral and the wooded ravine and the sweeping graveyard of the necropolis is one of the most characteristic views of Glasgow.

The Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, a grand red sandstone building in Kelvingrove Park with its twin towers and its Spanish Baroque style, houses one of the largest collections of fine and applied art and natural history in Scotland, from Old Masters and Scottish art to armour, archaeology and the natural world. Nearby, the University of Glasgow, its Victorian gothic main building of carved sandstone rising above the Kelvin valley, together with the Riverside Museum on the renovated banks of the Clyde, with its ship models, bicycles and transport collections, and the adjacent tall ship in the harbour, tell the story of the city and of the Clyde. The Kelvingrove Park, the Glasgow Green and the many public gardens and parks, set the city’s green spaces amid the dense sandstone streets.

The city centre is a dense grid of Victorian and Edwardian streets, of sandstone tenements, banks, churches and civic buildings, many of them by the celebrated designer Charles Rennie Mackintosh, whose Glasgow School of Art and the Willow Tearooms express the city’s Art Nouveau and design tradition. Along the Clyde, the former docklands and quays have been redeveloped into the modern waterfront with its riverside walkways, while the district of the Merchant City and the lanes of the centre are filled with shops, cafés and nightlife. The city’s shopping, its galleries, its music venues and its restaurants, together with the murals and the street art on the brick and sandstone walls, give the centre its lively and distinctive character, and the spire of the Tolbooth and the tower of the City Chambers mark the heart of the old town.

Further out, the West End of Glasgow, its crescents and its leafy terraces around Kelvingrove Park and the university, shows the confidence of the Victorian and Edwardian city, while the East End and the industrial legacy of the river and the docks remain in the warehouses, the railway viaducts and the redeveloped yards. The Glasgow School of Art, the Mitchell Library, the People’s Palace and the Barras market, together with the museums and the galleries and the celebrated parks, round out the city’s inheritance. Beneath the sandstone and the modern regeneration, the distinctive character of Glasgow, its industrial roots and its renaissance as a centre of culture and learning, gives the city its place as the leading metropolis of western Scotland and one of the great urban centres of the United Kingdom.

Walking the city, the visitor moves between the broad classical streets and the lanes and closes of the centre, past the City Chambers and the George Square, the sandstone banks and the churches, and down to the river and the regenerated waterfront. The bridges across the Clyde, the squinty bridge and the arched bridges, the tall ship at the Riverside Museum and the views down the river toward the shipyards and the docks, connect the historic core with the maritime and industrial inheritance. The West End with its crescents, terraces and gardens, and the Southside with its tenements and its parks, show the residential and the community character of the city, and the museums, the galleries and the cultural venues draw visitors from across Britain and beyond. Glasgow rewards the on-foot observer, who sees in its sandstone streets and its green spaces a city that has continually remade itself from its industrial past.

References

  1. Wikipedia. Glasgow. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow
  2. Wikipedia. History of Glasgow. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Glasgow
  3. Wikipedia. Glasgow Cathedral. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow_Cathedral
  4. Wikipedia. Glasgow Necropolis. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow_Necropolis
  5. Wikipedia. Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvingrove_Art_Gallery_and_Museum
  6. Wikipedia. Kelvingrove Park. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvingrove_Park
  7. Wikipedia. Riverside Museum. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverside_Museum
  8. Wikipedia. University of Glasgow. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Glasgow
  9. Wikipedia. Charles Rennie Mackintosh. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Rennie_Mackintosh
  10. Wikipedia. Glasgow School of Art. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow_School_of_Art
  11. Wikipedia. People’s Palace, Glasgow. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Palace_(Glasgow)
  12. Wikipedia. Mitchell Library. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitchell_Library
  13. Wikipedia. River Clyde. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_Clyde
  14. Wikipedia. Firth of Clyde. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firth_of_Clyde
  15. Wikipedia. Glasgow Green. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgow_Green
  16. Wikipedia. Midland Valley. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midland_Valley_(Scotland)