The Grande Traversata delle Alpi (GTA) is a long-distance hiking route that crosses the Italian Alps from north to south-west, entirely within the region of Piedmont. It is one of the most important trekking itineraries in Italy and represents a unique way to experience the alpine environment through slow, sustainable travel.
The route extends for approximately 1,000 kilometers and is traditionally divided into multiple stages, connecting remote valleys, high mountain passes, and small alpine villages. The Grande Traversata delle Alpi avoids major tourist centers, focusing instead on lesser-known areas where traditional mountain life and landscapes have remained largely intact.
The trail is designed primarily for experienced hikers, as it involves significant elevation changes and requires good physical preparation. Accommodation is typically provided by small inns, refuges, and local guesthouses, promoting close contact with local communities.
History
The concept of the Grande Traversata delle Alpi was developed in the 1970s as part of a broader effort to counteract the depopulation of mountain areas in Piedmont. The project aimed to revitalize remote valleys by encouraging low-impact tourism and supporting local economies.
The route was officially inaugurated in the early 1980s, drawing inspiration from similar long-distance trails in other European mountain regions. Rather than following historic trade routes exclusively, the GTA was carefully planned to connect inhabited villages and ensure regular access to accommodation and services.
Over time, the Grande Traversata delle Alpi has become a reference model for sustainable trekking, emphasizing environmental respect, cultural exchange, and the preservation of alpine heritage.
Geology
The Grande Traversata delle Alpi crosses a wide range of geological formations that reflect the complex structure of the Western Alps. Along the route, hikers encounter crystalline massifs, metamorphic rocks, and sedimentary layers formed during different geological eras.
The trail passes through areas shaped by ancient glaciers, with characteristic landforms such as U-shaped valleys, moraines, and high-altitude cirques. Steep slopes, narrow valleys, and rocky ridges highlight the ongoing geological processes that continue to shape the alpine landscape.
This geological diversity contributes to varied soil conditions and ecosystems, influencing vegetation patterns and wildlife distribution along the route. The geology of the GTA makes it not only a trekking experience but also a journey through the geological history of the Alps.
Things to See
The Grande Traversata delle Alpi offers a wide variety of natural, cultural, and scenic highlights:
Landscapes and Nature
- High mountain passes with panoramic views of the Alpine chain
- Remote valleys such as Val Grande di Lanzo, Valle Maira, and Val Varaita
- Alpine lakes, glaciers, and extensive mountain pastures
- Protected natural areas and regional parks
Cultural Heritage
- Traditional stone villages and hamlets
- Alpine chapels and rural architecture
- Local craftsmanship and mountain traditions
- Regional gastronomy based on seasonal and local products
Trekking Experience
- Well-marked stages linking inhabited valleys
- Opportunities for multi-day and long-distance hiking
- A strong sense of solitude and immersion in nature
- Encounters with local residents and pastoral communities