Volcanic Landscape – Summer-Ends.de

2025-12-202025-12-20

2024 Scotland – Edinburgh

Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of the most historically and culturally significant urban centers in the United Kingdom. It is located on the southern shore of the Firth of Forth on Scotland’s east coast and forms part of the Central Belt, the country’s primary population and economic corridor. The city is characterized by a dramatic natural setting shaped by volcanic landforms, coastal influences, and glacial processes. Edinburgh combines a medieval Old Town, a neoclassical New Town, extensive green spaces, and a modern metropolitan area. It serves as Scotland’s political, legal, educational, and cultural capital, hosting key institutions such as the Scottish Parliament, major universities, and national cultural bodies. The city’s layout and skyline are strongly influenced by its topography, with elevated ridges, extinct volcanic hills, and low-lying coastal plains defining its structure.

2025-12-202025-12-20

2024 Australia – October – Border Ranges National Park

Border Ranges National Park is a protected area located in northeastern New South Wales, Australia, along the border with Queensland. It forms part of the Great Dividing Range and lies within the hinterland region between the Richmond and Tweed river catchments. The park covers rugged mountainous terrain characterized by steep escarpments, deeply incised valleys, elevated plateaus, and dense forest cover. It is part of the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia World Heritage Area and represents one of the largest remaining tracts of subtropical rainforest in the country. Human settlement within the park is absent, and land use is strictly focused on conservation, scientific research, and low-impact recreation.

2025-12-20

2024 Australia – October – Gold Coast

The Gold Coast is a major coastal region in southeastern Queensland, Australia, located approximately 70 kilometres south of Brisbane along the Coral Sea. It extends from the New South Wales border in the south to the southern suburbs of Brisbane in the north and encompasses a diverse range of landscapes, including sandy ocean beaches, coastal dunes, estuarine waterways, lowland plains, and mountainous hinterland areas. The region is one of Australia’s most significant urban and tourism centers, with a population exceeding half a million residents and a strong emphasis on coastal living, recreation, and service-based industries. Climatically, the Gold Coast experiences a humid subtropical climate characterized by warm summers, mild winters, and seasonally variable rainfall, influenced by both maritime conditions and orographic effects from the hinterland ranges.

2025-12-202025-12-20

2024 Australia – October – Binna Burra

Binna Burra is a mountain locality and historic lodge area situated within Lamington National Park in the Gold Coast hinterland of Queensland, Australia. It lies on the western edge of the Gold Coast metropolitan region, approximately 90 kilometres south of Brisbane, at elevations ranging from about 800 to over 900 metres above sea level. Binna Burra forms part of the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia World Heritage Area and is embedded within a largely intact subtropical and temperate rainforest landscape. The area is characterized by steep escarpments, deeply incised valleys, high rainfall, and dense forest cover. Human settlement is extremely limited, with land use focused on conservation, research, recreation, and nature-based tourism rather than permanent residential development.

2025-12-182025-12-18

2023 Madeira – Day 5

Boaventura is located on the northern coast of Madeira, within the municipality of São Vicente, and extends from the Atlantic shoreline into a steep, deeply incised valley system reaching the island’s interior highlands. The settlement pattern is predominantly linear, following the valley floor and lower slopes, reflecting long-term adaptation to rugged terrain and hydrological constraints. The region occupies a transitional zone between the coastal environment and the mountainous interior, resulting in pronounced gradients in climate, vegetation, and land use over short distances.

2025-12-18

2023 Madeira – Day 4

oaventura is located on the northern coast of Madeira, within the municipality of São Vicente, and extends from the Atlantic shoreline into a steep, deeply incised valley system reaching the island’s interior highlands. The settlement pattern is predominantly linear, following the valley floor and lower slopes, reflecting long-term adaptation to rugged terrain and hydrological constraints. The region occupies a transitional zone between the coastal environment and the mountainous interior, resulting in pronounced gradients in climate, vegetation, and land use over short distances.

2025-12-17

2023 Madeira – Day 3

Levada dos Cedros Region – General Overview

The Levada dos Cedros region is located in the northwestern highlands of Madeira, primarily within the municipality of Porto Moniz, near the Fanal plateau. The area forms part of Madeira’s extensive levada network and lies within a largely intact mountainous interior characterized by high humidity, frequent cloud cover, and limited permanent settlement. The region is situated at elevations generally exceeding 900 meters above sea level and is strongly influenced by orographic and Atlantic climatic processes.